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Sri Lanka

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Building Back Better: Sustainable Mental Health Care after Emergencies

World Health Organization (WHO), 2012

This WHO report shares detailed accounts from 10 diverse emergency-affected areas, each of which built better-quality and more sustainable mental health systems despite challenging circumstances. Cases originate from countries small to large; low to middle-income; across Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East; and affected by large-scale natural disasters, prolonged conflict, and large-scale influxes of refugees. While their contexts varied considerably, all were able to convert short-term interest in population mental health into sustainable, long-term improvements.
This WHO report goes beyond aspirational recommendations by providing detailed descriptions of how mental health reform was accomplished in these situations. Importantly, case contributors report not only their major achievements, but also their most difficult challenges and how they were overcome. Key overlapping practices emerging from these experiences are also summarized.

This report provides the proof of concept that it is possible to build back better, no matter how weak the existing mental health system or how challenging the emergency situation. I call upon all readers to take steps to ensure that those faced with future emergencies do not miss the important opportunity for mental health reform and development.

– Dr Margaret Chan, former Director-General WHO

Executive summary available in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish here.

https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85377/9789241564571_eng.pdf?sequence=1

emergencies human rights mental health mental health systems sustabilable care Afghanistan Burundi Global Indonesia Iraq Jordan Kosovo Somalia Sri Lanka Timor-Leste West Bank and Gaza Strip

Conflict related sexual violence: Report of the United Nations Secretary-General

United Nations, 2019

“Conflict-related sexual violence is now widely recognized as a war crime that is preventable and punishable. The United Nations Security Council has played an important role in the past decade
by passing successive resolutions that emphasize accountability for perpetrators and services for survivors.”
– United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres

https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/report/s-2019-280/Annual-report-2018.pdf

action plans armed conflict gender based violence human rights impunity reparations sexual violence Afghanistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Burundi Central African Republic Colombia Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Iraq Libya Mali Myanmar Nepal Nigeria Somalia South Sudan Sri Lanka Sudan (Darfur) Syrian Arab Republic Yemen

We need the truth Enforced Disappearances in Asia

Katharina Lauristch

Enforced disappearances have been a well known to Sri Lanka before, during and the `post´ conflict scenario. However, from time to time we have had large scale disappearances becoming widely used since the 1980s onwards, connected to the politico-military situation and in local areas of the country.

http://www.simonrobins.com/ECAP-We%20need%20the%20Truth-Asia%20disappearances.pdf

forced disappearance human rights trauma Cambodia Indonesia Nepal Philippines Sri Lanka Thailand Timor-Leste

No More Missing Persons: The Criminalization of Enforced Disappearance in South Asia

International Commission of Jurists, 2017

This report analyzes States obligations under international law to ensure acts of enforced disappearance constitute a distinct, autonomous offence under national law. It also provides an overview of the practice of enforced disappearance, focusing specifically on the status of the criminalization of the practice, in five South Asian countries: India,Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal.

https://www.icj.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/South-Asia-Enforced-Disappearance-Publications-Reports-Thematic-Reports-2017-ENG.pdf

forced disappearance human rights impunity torture Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka

Participatory tools for evaluating psychosocial work with children in areas of armed conflict: in eastern Sri Lanka.

Jason Hart, Ananda Galappatti, Jo Boyden & Miranda Armstrong

The article is based on the experiences of a recent pilot project to develop a participatory approach to the monitoring and evaluating of psychosocial interventions with children affected by armed conflict. Some of the main challenges encountered while utilizing these tools are discussed, along with the value of the data generated and the implications of using participatory methodologies for planning, monitoring and evaluation (Intervention 2007, Volume 5, Number 1).

https://psychotraumanet.org/sites/default/files/documents/int_081.pdf

armed conflict children community crisis psychosocial intervention trauma violence Sri Lanka

The Mental Health of War Affected Children: a Community-based Rehabilitation and Reconciliation Program in Sri Lanka’s Eastern Province.

Robert Chase, University of Manitoba, and Kenneth Bush, Dalhousie University, 2000

The mental health effects of children affected by militarized violence are receiving increasing attention as the magnitude of the problem worldwide and its implications is becoming recognized. The trends in child mental health in Sri Lanka related to war and other factors are reviewed, and local project context in Eastern Sri Lanka is described. Since 1995 research and program development in addresses psychological distress in schoolchildren from multiple factors, many directly war related.

https://www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/~peace_health/conferences/Conf2001/chasbush.pdf

armed conflict children mental health reconciliation rehabilitation Sri Lanka

What is a Psychosocial Intervention? Mapping the Field in Sri Lanka

Ananda Galappatti, 2003

The past decade has seen a steady growth in the number of initiatives in Sri Lanka that are described as being ‘psychosocial’ interventions related to its long-standing ethnic conflict or other political violence. This seems to be the result of heightened global and local awareness of the psychological toll exacted by modern conflicts.

https://www.interventionjournal.com/content/what-psychological-intervention-mapping-field-sri-lanka

organised violence psychosocial intervention Sri Lanka

State Violence in Sri Lanka

OMCT, 2004

This study is divided into three parts. Part I provides a general overview of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment (in prisons in particular) committed by state officials. Parts II and III deal with torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment of women and children respectively.

http://www.omct.org/files/2004/01/2444/stateviolence_srilanka_04_eng.pdf

children organised violence torture trauma women Sri Lanka

Psychological trauma of the civil war in Sri Lanka

MSF, 2002

Sri Lanka’s ceasefire brokered by the Norwegian government 3 months ago has essentially held, bringing hope for the end of the country’s brutal 19-year civil war. The war between the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, who have been fighting for an independent state in the north and east of the island, and the Sri Lankan government has resulted in more than 64 000 deaths and shattered the economy.

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saskia_Van_der_Kam/publication/255633829_Assessing_Trauma_in_Sri_Lanka/links/00b7d53a44cd7af1f7000000/Assessing-Trauma-in-Sri-Lanka.pdf

armed conflict mental health post-traumatic stress disorder sexual violence stress trauma Sri Lanka

The mental health of war affected children: a community based rehabilitation and reconciliation programme in Sri Lanka’s eastern province

Robert Chase, Kenneth Bush

The mental health effects of children affected by militarized violence are receiving increasing attention as the magnitude of the problem worldwide and its implications is becoming recognized. The trends in child mental health in Sri Lanka related to war and other factors are reviewed, and local project context in Eastern Sri Lanka is described. Since (1995) research and program development in addresses psychological distress in schoolchildren from multiple factors, many directly war related. (17 pages, .pdf fro historical reference)

https://www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/~peace_health/conferences/Conf2001/chasbush.pdf

armed conflict children post-traumatic stress disorder trauma women Sri Lanka

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Mental Health and Human Rights Info is a resource database providing free information about the consequences of human rights violations on mental health in the contexts of disaster, war and conflict.

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