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impunity

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Why do they want to kill us?

Amnesty International, 2020

Defending human rights in Colombia is a high-risk profession, especially for those who protect and promote rights to the territory, to the environment and those linked to access to land. Colombia is the most dangerous country in the world in which to carry out this legitimate and essential activity, according to the organization Global Witness.1 The crisis faced by human rights defenders in Colombia is nothing new but the situation is deteriorating, despite the adoption of a peace agreement and numerous demands from Colombian civil society organizations and the international community that the government address this violence, as the numbers of killings and the hundreds of reports of attacks, harassment and threats faced by defenders clearly illustrate.

https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/AMR2330092020ENGLISH.PDF

Violence Against Women armed conflict human rights human rights defender impunity peace processes peacebuilding Colombia

Stop the War on Children

Save the Children, in collaboration with researchers from the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), 2019

The protection of children in conflict – and with it the realisation of the promises made in the declarations, conventions and statutes of the 20th century – is one of the defining challenges of the 21st century. The nature of conflict – and its impact on children – is evolving.
In today’s armed conflicts, there is often no longer a clearly demarcated battlefield: children’s homes and schools are the battlefield.
Increasingly, the brunt of armed violence and warfare is being borne by children. Children suffer in conflict in different ways to adults, partly because they are physically weaker and also because they have so much at stake – their physical, mental and psychosocial development are heavily dependent on the conditions they experience as children. Conflict affects children differently depending on a number of personal characteristics – significantly gender and age, but also disability status, ethnicity, religion and whether they live in rural or urban locations. The harm that is done to children in armed conflict is not only often more severe than that done to adults, it has longer lasting implications – for children themselves and for their societies

https://www.savethechildren.org/content/dam/usa/reports/ed-cp/stop-the-war-on-children-2019.pdf

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Conflict related sexual violence: Report of the United Nations Secretary-General

United Nations, 2019

“Conflict-related sexual violence is now widely recognized as a war crime that is preventable and punishable. The United Nations Security Council has played an important role in the past decade
by passing successive resolutions that emphasize accountability for perpetrators and services for survivors.”
– United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres

https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/report/s-2019-280/Annual-report-2018.pdf

action plans armed conflict gender based violence human rights impunity reparations sexual violence Afghanistan Bosnia and Herzegovina Burundi Central African Republic Colombia Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Iraq Libya Mali Myanmar Nepal Nigeria Somalia South Sudan Sri Lanka Sudan (Darfur) Syrian Arab Republic Yemen

New attack on human rights defenders in Colombia

Colombia Forum, 2019

The most serious security threats are mainly experienced in areas that are most affected by the internal conflict. This is clear from the latest UN Human Rights Council report about the situation in Colombia. The report finds that lacking implementation of the peace agreement is one of the main reasons for the continued occurrence of death threats against social leaders in the country.

https://nhrf.no/article/2019/new-attack-on-human-rights-defenders-in-colombia

armed conflict human rights defender impunity Colombia

Transitional Justice – time for a re-think

Paul Seils, Open Global Rights, 2019

What would justice look like in the conflicts in Syria, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Iraq, Yemen, and Somalia? What would we expect it to achieve? For more than two decades, the field of transitional justice has sought to answer such questions. Transitional justice is generally understood as a package of measures including criminal prosecutions, truth commissions, reparations for victims and reform of abusive institutions.

https://www.openglobalrights.org/paul-seils/Transitional-justice-time-for-a-re-think/

armed conflict impunity reconciliation transitional justice Democratic Republic of Congo Global Iraq Syria

Transitional Justice Handbook for Latin America,

Brazilian Ministry of Justice Amnesty Commission ICTJ ed. Reátegui, 2011

This book’s goal is to dialogue with the large and growing community of professionals, government officials, activists, and academics who are engaged in our region to promote the work of confronting the authoritarian or violent past of our countries. Latin America has become, in fact, one of the most dynamic areas in the search for routes to transitional justice in recent decades.

https://www.ictj.org/publication/transitional-justice-handbook-latin-america

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Investigating Rape at the International Criminal Court: The Impact of Trauma

Ellie Smith, 2012

The conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has been characterised by the widespread and systematic perpetration of rape and other forms of sexual violence. Rape has been committed by all actors in the conflict, including those operating in the Ituri region of the country, and the use of rape by Lubanga’s Union des Patriotes Congolais (UPC) in particular has been widely reported and documented by the UN and NGOs alike.

http://wunrn.com/wp-content/uploads/Lubanga.pdf

Rape armed conflict crimes against humanity impunity sexual violence violence Democratic Republic of Congo

Tonic immobility during sexual assault a common reaction predicting post-traumatic stress disorder and severe depression

Anna Möller, Hans Peter Söndergaard, Lotti Helström June

Active resistance is considered to be the ‘normal’ reaction during rape. However, studies have indicated that similar to animals, humans exposed to extreme threat may react with a state of involuntary, temporary motor inhibition known as tonic immobility. The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of tonic immobility during rape and subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder and severe depression.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aogs.13174/full

Violence Against Women impunity mental health sexual violence Global Sweden

Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law

UN, 2005

Recalling the adoption of the Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law by the Commission on Human Rights in its resolution 2005/35 of 19 April 2005 and by the Economic and Social Council in its resolution 2005/30 of 25 July 2005, in which the Council recommended to the General Assembly that it adopt the Basic Principles and Guidelines.

http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/RemedyAndReparation.aspx

human rights impunity international law redress rehabilitation Global

No place for enforced disappearances in 2017, UN experts say

UN, 2017

The crime of enforced disappearance is as unacceptable today as it was decades ago when it first came to the attention of the international community, and there are neither reasons nor circumstances that can ever be invoked to justify it, said Suela Janina, Chair of the Committee on Enforced Disappearances.

http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22270&LangID=E

forced disappearance human rights impunity trauma Global

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Mental Health and Human Rights Info is a resource database providing free information about the consequences of human rights violations on mental health in the contexts of disaster, war and conflict.

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